COVID-19 Quarantine Effects on Smoking Behavior and Mental Health of Smoking Adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: The world is struggling with the damage caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Most countries have applied quarantines to combat the spread of coronavirus disease 2019. The aim of this study was to determine the mental health of smoking adolescents and the change in smoking behavior compared to their peers during the coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted with adolescents registered in the adolescent outpatient clinic with no record of psychiatric illness. The mental health of smoking (n = 50) and non-smoking (n = 121) adolescents was evaluated using the Brief Symptom Inventory. Smoking adolescents have been questioned about the change in smoking behavior since quarantine began. RESULTS: The rates of depression and hostility symptoms were significantly higher in smoking than in nonsmoking adolescents. Male smokers had significantly higher depression and hostility symptoms than male non-smokers. However, no significant difference was observed between the rates of female smokers and non-smokers. It was determined that 54% (27) of the smokers reduced their smoking, while 14% (7) smoked more than before and 3.5% of former smokers stated that they quit smoking during quarantine and these people were included in the non-smoker group. CONCLUSION: It is not surprising that the mental health of adolescents was affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine. Our findings revealed the necessity to closely monitor the mental health of smoking adolescents, especially males smokers. The results of our study suggest that encouraging adolescents who smoke to quit during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic may be more effective than before quarantine.

Evaluation of Psychiatric Symptoms in 2-5 Years Old Children Who Are Followed and Treated with the Diagnosis of Wheezing during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Levels of Mothers

Objective: The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of children and adults is a candidate to be one of the most current issues in healthcare in the near future. This study aimed to determine the clinical course of patients diagnosed with wheezing, to make emotional, behavioral, social, and psychiatric evaluations, and to investigate the possible effect of the pandemic on disease follow-up and treatment by evaluating the psychiatric conditions of their mothers. Material and Methods: The study included 58 patients diagnosed with a wheezy infant aged 2-5 years. Data regarding the sociodemographic characteristics and wheezing history of the patients were recorded. 'Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK)' was applied to evaluate their current clinical condition. For psychiatric evaluation, the 'Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQ)' was applied to the patients, and the 'Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21)' and 'The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)' were administered to their mothers. Results: In our study, it was observed that our patients experienced emotional, behavioral, peer, and social problems at varying rates (17-43%) during the pandemic period. It was especially noteworthy that emotional problems were seen more frequently in girls. It has been shown that there is a positive relationship between depression scores in mothers and SDQ Total Scores of their children. On the other hand, it was observed that current disease control status, hospitalization history, and whether or not being symptomatic during the pandemic period did not contribute to mental impairment in mothers. Conclusion: The detection of high overall difficulty scores in children of mothers with high depression scores indicates that there is a need to evaluate maternal and child mental health together. Psychological influence is multifactorial and varies between societies. There is a need for studies on a larger scale that take familial and individual variables into account. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Amaç: COVÍD-19'un çocukların ve yetişkinlerin ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi, yakın gelecekte sağlık hizmetlerinde en güncel sorunlardan biri olmaya adaydır. Bu çalışma ile hışıltılı çocuk tanılı hastaların pandemi dönemindeki klinik seyirlerini belirlemek, duygusal, davranışsal, sosyal ve psikiyatrik değerlendirmelerini yapmak, ayrıca annelerinin de psikiyatrik durumlarını değerlendirerek pandeminin hastalık takip ve tedavisi üzerine olan olası etkisinin araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2-5 yaş arası 58 hışıltılı çocuk tanılı hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri ve hışıltı geçmişlerine ait veriler kaydedildi. Güncel klinik durumlarını değerlendirmek üzere Çocuklar Íçin Solunum ve Astım Kontrol Testi uygulandı. Psikiyatrik değerlendirme amacıyla hastalara Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi (SDQ), annelerine ise Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği 21 (DASS 21) ve Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Testi uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda pandemi döneminde hastalarımızın değişen oranlarda (%17-43) duygusal, davranış, hiperaktivite, akran ve sosyal açılardan problem yaşadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Kız çocuklarda duygusal problemlerin daha sık görülmesi özellikle dikkat çekmiştir. Annelerdeki depresyon skorları ile çocuklarının SDQ toplam skorları arasında pozitif ilişki olduğu gösterilmiştir. Buna karşılık güncel hastalık kontrol durumunun, hospitalizasyon öyküsünün ve pandemi döneminde semptomatik olup olmamanın annelerde mental etkilenmeye katkıda bulunmadığı gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Depresyon puanı yüksek olan annelerin çocuklarında genel güçlük puanlarının yüksek saptanması, anne ve çocuk ruh sağlığının birlikte değerlendirilmesine ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. Psikolojik etki çok faktörlüdür ve toplumlar arasında farklılık gösterir. Bu konuda ailesel ve bireysel değişkenlerin göz önüne alındığı daha büyük ölçekli gelecek çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. (Turkish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Disease / Cocuk Hastaliklari Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Psychiatric symptoms in children with COVID-19, mothers` psychological resilience and related factors: pandemic hospital inpatient experiences.

BACKGROUND: Information on psychological problems and affecting factors in children hospitalized with the suspicion or diagnosis of COVID-19 is limited. We aimed to screen the psychiatric symptoms of children hospitalized with COVID-19 in Ankara City Children`s Hospital and evaluate the caregivers` depression, anxiety, stress, and resilience levels during hospitalization. METHODS: Among the children and adolescents hospitalized in Ankara City Children`s Hospital between 1 May 2020 and 31 May 2020 due to the diagnosis of COVID-19, those who agreed to participate in the study were included. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS- 21) scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were used to determine the symptoms. RESULTS: The mean age of study group (n = 49) was 8.7 ± 5.0 years, 59.2% (n = 29) were girls. The mean children`s SDQ-externalizing problems scores were higher in the COVID-19 positive mothers group than the COVID-19 negative mothers` group. The SDQ-total score was positively and strongly correlated with the DASS total score, DASS-depression score, and DASS-anxiety score. BRS scale scores were negatively correlated with the SDQtotal, externalizing, and DASS-21scale scores. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 positivity in mothers could be associated with externalizing problems in children. The high resilience of caregivers of inpatients seems to be related to less psychopathology in children. During hospitalization, caregivers` psychological evaluation and psychosocial support may be important for preventive child mental health.

Anxiety among the parents of pediatric patients receiving IVIG therapy during the Covid-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Symptomatic COVID-19 cases in children occur mostly in those with primary immunodeficiency (PID), chronic lung diseases, and heart disease. Guidelines recommend that patients with PID continue to use their regular medication during the pandemic. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate anxiety related to COVID-19 in the parents of patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment in our hospital and to evaluate the effect of their anxiety on the continuity of treatment. METHODS: The parents of the patients who underwent IVIG therapy in our clinic during the pandemic (between May 15, 2020 and July 1, 2020) were included in our study. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients with PID whose IVIG therapy was initiated before the pandemic and 29 non- PID control subjects were included in the study. All patients received IVIG treatment in our clinic continued treatment during the pandemic at the same dose intervals. Parents in the IVIG group had significantly higher state (p=0.003) and trait (p=0.003) anxiety scores compared to control parents. IVIG group showed statistically significant higher scores in Beck depression inventory, than the control group (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The parents of PID patients who needed to come to the hospital for IVIG therapy had higher anxiety levels than the parents of similar aged children who presented to our clinic for different complaints between the same dates. Despite their concerns, the parents of all patients under IVIG therapy maintained treatment continuity at the recommended treatment intervals. None of our immunodeficient patients who presented for treatment during the pandemic contracted COVID-19 infection during our study.